@misc{14097,
  author = {Jo Hannay and Ole Mevassvik and Arild Skjeltorp and Karsten Brathen},
  title = {Live, Virtual, Constructive (LVC) simulation for land operations training: Concept Development \& Experimentation (CD\&E)},
  abstract = {Augmenting and extending military training by combining Live, Virtual and Constructive (LVC) simulation is thought to yield a range of benefits. A Concept Development and Experimentation (CD\&E) activity was initiated to investigate the feasibility of complementing the Live training range at The Norwegian Army Combat \& Manoeuvre Training Centre (NACMTC) with Virtual and Constructive simulations of BLUEFOR and OPFOR vehicles, UAV and artillery. The focus was on leadership training, and the military situation was augmented by activating contextual forces from the scenario and introducing more resources to administrate. The LVC simulation system prototype was run as a trial during an actual military exercise over four days. We found that the prototype did enable enhanced training, and that it is feasible and desirable to establish the LVC capability in full. Further, it is desirable to extend the LVC capability with augmented reality for Live forces and Joint Terminal Attack Controller (JTAC)/Close Air Support (CAS) simulation. We found it premature to evaluate the effect of LVC simulation training; because this is a longer-term activity, and because of a lack of validated instruments for measuring skill acquisition; in particular for decision making and judgement tasks. We conclude that there is a clear desire among operational personnel to acquire the LVC capabilities, and that several aspects of the capabilities can be established quickly. However, the use of LVC simulation for training and education must be mandated at all levels and incorporated explicitly in training plans and curricula, with a sufficient business case, so that political decisions for acquiring LVC capabilities can be made.},
  year = {2014},
  journal = {NATO Modelling and Simulation Group Symp. Integrating Modelling \& Simulation in the Defence Acquisition Lifecycle and Military Training Curriculum (MSG-126)},
  publisher = {NATO Science and Technology Organization},
}